“A Scherzo A Shy Persons Wishes” Analysis Essay

What is the state of mind of â€Å"A Scherzo A Shy Persons Wishes.† How is the temperament passed on and what impact does it have on our comprehension of the focal message of the sonnet and the writer’s persona. How successful do you think the sonnet is? The temperament in â€Å"A Scherzo a Shy Persons Wishes† changes and fluctuates through the sonnet. Right off the bat the title has â€Å"scherzo† composed which implies energetically unrecorded music. This shows the individual is energetic yet the sonnet doesn’t show it, â€Å"on the bright divider out of pussyfoot reach.† As well â€Å"tip-toe reach† stands apart in light of the fact that it shows it is near going out. In the sonnet the word â€Å"with† and â€Å"whisper† is rehashed through the sonnet which this shows similar sounding word usage. This gives a murmur feel through the sonnet which shows that it’s thinking unobtrusively however title says he is enthusiastic. In addition there is interior similar sounding word usage. This makes the sonnet delayed down and shows the individual is on edge, â€Å"With the nut in the shell, with the seed in the pod.† The again shows that the sonnet has a great deal interior similar sounding word usage. This sonnet has a streaming state of mind yet melodious now and again. At the point when its streaming it’s a quiet state of mind like the individual is portraying the outside like it has never observed it, â€Å"With the wasp in its internal most peach.† The melodious mind-set shows now and again it is a vivacious demonstrating it is enthusiastic which is the reason â€Å"scherzo† is utilized for the title, â€Å"In the woodbine’s horn with the inebriated bee.† This shows the individual is energetic however in a caught prepared to run out singing and yelling. Presently I will discuss the persona. The sonnet shows a great deal that the individual is caught in a territory and cant get out regardless of how close it gets to the outside, â€Å"out of pussyfoot reach.† Too the sonnet shoes the people claustrophobic indicating it’s in a little territory which likely shows why it a timid individual outwardly yet energetic in within. The title shows this in a sharp manner since it first says â€Å"scherzo† demonstrating it is an exuberant individual, yet then says â€Å"A bashful people wishes† which at that point clarifies that it’s timid however needs to change to an energetic individual in the outside singing and moving. A statement to show its timid says â€Å"to be hunched with the mammoth in its torrid layer† shows it’s stuck in a dull gap however can’t gat out. With the individual being stuck he/she is exhausted which isn't what a timid individual resembles when he’s alone yet he is. This shows he enjoys imparting and singing, â€Å"quiet to lie, and dreamless to sleep.† But then on occasion the individual shows he is still somewhat modest, â€Å"With things that are shy, and timid, and free,† the following line says â€Å"Wishing to be,† then this progressions everything indicating he is as yet modest. In any case, toward the end it says â€Å"Anywhere, anyplace, out of this room!† which closes everything saying the individual needs to go out and not remain in its â€Å"timid layer.† This shows an exuberant character with a touch of modesty left in him. The focal message in the sonnet is indicated obviously all through the sonnet. The focal message shows the felling of the individual in a solid manner. Right off the bat it discusses nature in a streaming manner so it seems like he/she is depicting what it resembles outside. All through it keeps on portraying the outside. This gives a quiet inclination to the individual and shows what he needs to do when he goes out. Too this shows he believes is energetic. At line 26-29 he says he would be in any of the three models he/she says and this is supported up by the last line which is â€Å"Anywhere, anyplace, out of this room!† shows that he needs to leave his timidity and become energetic, and abandon his dim opening.

Industrial Revolution Essays - Industrial Revolution, Factory

Mechanical Revolution Robert Chaplin History 112 Dr. Farrell 20 April 2000 Mechanical Revolution One of the most noteworthy character changes that has happened on the planet took place during the 1700's to the mid 1800's; the Industrial Revolution. It is portrayed as a time of extreme change from hand made things to machine made products. This implied fundamentally that individuals needed to figure out how to fabricate merchandise in colossal industrial facilities rather than developing them from the land. The Industrial Revolution started in England as a result of their huge interest for coal also, iron. Furthermore, since they had a huge flexibly of this, England before long started to need to produce huge sums over the entirety of Europe. In the 1700's, England was one of the world's driving makers of iron and coal and was considered as having the most frontier power. This is all because of their recently obtained settlements. The settlements as of now known as the United States of America. The settlements given a market to fabricated items. The business sectors invigorated the material what's more, iron ventures in England. The provinces likewise gave England the entirety of the

The City of Greater Geelong

Foundation: First settled in 1803, as the second biggest city in Victoria, Geelong is the boss territorial center and port for western Victoria where offers blend of business and contributing possibilities, health and guidance establishments, breathtaking shopping promenades and the numerous social resources including the Geelong Performing Arts Center, exhibition, galleries and the botanic nurseries. These permit tenants appreciate the advantage of various and multicultural networks in the developing of the city. As result, Geelong has been turning 1-1.5 per centum in the course of the last 7 mature ages. Nonetheless, the occupancy rate is still low: Housing:In 2006, populace in cardinal Geelong is 4355 people. By 2011 it is 4700 ( Jones Lang LaSalle ) .Residents periods of 20aë†?24, 25aë†?34 and 55 and over is more noteworthy in Central Geelong than others region as Central Geelong is well known with understudies and juvenile experts and resigned persons.40.4 % of the home sorts is high and normal thickness homes in Central Geelong contrasted with 13.9 % in Greater Geelong, albeit separate houses stay at 57.8 % of the housing stock ( Jones Lang LaSalle ) .Beginning: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene 2006 Census Population and HousingOfficeIn 2012 there was 236,000m2 of office boundless in Central Geelong, of which just 30 % is reasonable quality, present day unbounded. The main part of Central Geelong’s office stock is of hapless quality, is inadmissible for some conceivable renters.RetailMarket Square and Westfield Geelong Shopping Center gracefully an assorted and far reaching extent of retail signifier.Traditional strip retailing has battled in ongoing mature ages due in segment to the opposition from the drawn-out Westfield and constrained putting resources into single assets.The developing in on-line retailing expansion opportunity rates in shopping strips, for example, Bridge Road in Richmond and Toorak Road in South Yarra ( Knight Frank Research 2013 ) .The bing floor vast is scattered north off along Ryrie Street and Moorabool Street and along Malop Street and farther north from propinquity to Westfield and is consequently far-fetched to be monetarily practical as retail floor endless at any one clasp in the hereafter.Introduction 75km toward the south-west of Melbourne, cardinal Geelong is on a north going up against slant between Corio Bay and the Barwon River. The topographic point shows up with emotional scene: the state, coastline, as the best completion to populate through agreeable and strong networks in a surpassing domain. Unequivocally have faith in the quality of city and its mind is in individuals, a clump of endeavors and highlight has been set on making vivacious cultural nucleuss for nearby networks and city cardinal where different gatherings of individuals can collaborate. Geelong Vision 2: With Vision 2, arrangement of workshops have characterized the difficulties in attempting to coordinate the progressing of city of Geelong from a mechanical days of old to a urban hub’ ( Vision 2 Project Report, 2013 ) by 6 diverse incorporated endeavors show on the recovery of the CBD nation. In this plan, the Green Spine puts the hub turn of changing the Malop road into the central road that interfaces the train station to Eastern Park. It is intended to connect the center of the City Arrival to the newly empowered city laneways and urban chest in the push to elevate dull traffic to stroll toward the city Center, reviving the shopping nation and comprehending atmosphere to the visitants to and occupants of the city. The City of Greater Geelong The City of Greater Geelong has exhibited solid committedness to recovering Central Geelong. Organizations with State Government and different members have been instrumental in energizing putting resources into the now famous waterfront, significant road plants, significant occasions and arraigning cardinal fundamental capital endeavors, for example, the Library and Heritage Center, Yarra Street Pier and Convention Center. Social HERITAGE ( 22.09 ) Aims Focal Geelong is situated inside the customary region of the Wada Wurrung ( or Wathaurong ) Aboriginal Clan gatherings. Fleece broking had molded a significant part of the early design. Huge nations of the city Center have streetscape conservation esteem which is essential as legacy estimations of the city. New contributing and urban recovery could be pulled in to the city Center and gracefully an originative reuse of the city’s fabricated legacy. Keep the perceivability of St Mary’s Basilica Spire from past the city Center. Guide of Individual legacy postings and areas Network Arts and Culture Key Subjects: The social humanistic orders region is home to the Geelong Art Gallery, Library, Heritage Center, Performing Humanistic orders Center and the Courthouse Youth Arts Center Geelong plays host to a figure of significant occasions, for example, cycling, marine, marathon and concerts. Occasions a figure of significant occasions, for example, cycling, marine, marathon, music and sail transport is hold every year to advance visitant and initiate of the city Center. Focal Geelong Marketing has run exercises, for example, the School Holiday plan, Sidewalk Gross saless and Night Markets that passing on in about $ 4 million yearly to Central Geelong. There are other than normal markets including a husbandmans showcase. Open Space Key Subjects: Johnstone Park is encircled by a figure of import community structures: City Hall, Geelong Gallery, Peace Memorial and Regional Libra Focal Geelong includes some extraordinary Parkss and open infinites. These incorporate the Geelong waterfront, Eastern Park, Botanic Gardens and Johnstone Park The new picture of Geelong Station Precinct will be massively not quite the same as the 1 that exists at present. As opposed to a loosened wrapping of black-top punctuated by a couple of base completely buildings, it will offer a significantly more develop singularity, one that has the conceivable to go each piece a lot of a mark for Geelong as the Waterfront ; Railroad STATION PRECINT The Geelong Railway Station Precinct has for some time been recognized as a significant possibility for adjustment in the Greater City of Geelong. It is Geelong’s center point for region, territorial and neighborhood transport frameworks and is undeniably situated to move as a point of convergence for the western outskirt of the CBD. It sits deliberately between La Trobe Terrace and Mercer Street, two of Geelong’s major inward connections, and is near the Civic and Justice Precincts, Deakin University and the Geelong Waterfront. i‚â ·ië† The Precinct is idle for a large portion of the twenty-four hours, outside of pinnacle hours. i‚â ·ië† The region will be to the full finished, to a standard identical to the Geelong Waterfront. i‚â ·ië† The redesign odds of the Precinct request to be resolved. i‚â ·ië† The capacity of the newly evolved Precinct inside Geelong should be evaluated, and i‚â ·ië† The grouping for future land advancement needs to de decided. Constructed FORM The Court and Police Station composite was worked in 1991 at the south-eastern corner of the Precinct. As the termination purpose of the pivot framed by Fenwick Street and situated in such a key area, this establishment could hold made an extremely positive part to its urban setting. Anyway this composite of 2 stories block buildings gives only one dynamic facade †that to Railway Terrace †while its eastern sideaë†?is practically a space divider to Mercer Street. Its northern fringe goes about as its ‘back-of-house’ and is unaccessible to the general people yet anyway seeable from numerous close by vantage focuses. At the City-wide graduated table, shows the bing designing of urban network signifiers in this western Geelong zone the City Center Grid itself, the to some degree counterbalance lattice get bringing down and extending due wests from La Trobe Terrace, and the Grid framed by Mercer Street and its feeder streets which infiltrates into the two boss matrix signifiers from the North. There are nearly scarcely any buildings inside the Station Precinct, as appeared by the Figure Ground Plan. The bing nation involved by the Station establishments, the Victorian Railway Institute structure, the Station Courts/Police and Kia establishment covers simply a little extent of the Precinct ; with the staying nation being overwhelmed by dish ways and stopping. conceivable common nexus Vehicular nexus

Physical Wellness For anyone who has to write a g Essay Example For Students

Physical Wellness: For any individual who needs to compose a g Essay ym research project on close to home wellness Physical wellness can most suitably be characterized as the bodys capacity to finish day by day exercises without getting excessively sore, without getting excessively exhausted, and without escaping breath. The idea of physical wellness includes three particular components, which are: cardiovascular wellness, strong quality, and sustenance. It is basic for one to assign an adequate measure of time to every one of these elements, just as following a program uncommonly fit to their necessities. A significant part of physical wellbeing is cardiovascular wellness. Cardiovascular wellness is the capacity of the circulatory framework to give oxygen-rich blood to vitality to the bodys organs. A people beat is the pulsating of courses created by the withdrawals of the heart. One may understand their heartbeat at either the wrist or the neck. A people resting pulse is their pulse very still. To ascertain this, one may just tally the pulsates of the heart every moment. A people greatest pulse is the most extreme number of times their heart can thump in one moment. To ascertain this, one may essentially deduct their age from 220. The objective pulse is the occasions ones heart should thump for every moment when working out. This is somewhere in the range of 60-and 90-percent of ones greatest pulse. To increment cardiovascular wellness, one ought to build up a program that follows the standards of FIT preparing. For recurrence, one ought to do an activity somewhere in the range of 3 and 5 times each week. For power, one should base how hard the individual in question practices on the objective pulse. For time, one should begin gradually, however step by step increment to roughly 45 to an hour of the day. Prior to participating in this sort of program, one should extend and relax up their muscles, and the person in question ought to permit the muscles to chill off after an activity, generally by strolling until the person is close to the resting pulse. A case of a decent cardiovascular work out regime that I would follow is: Day 1 at track: Warm-up (5 minutes) Slow run (20 minutes) Walk (5 minutes) Slow run (20 minutes) Chill off (5 minutes) All out time went through: 55 minutes Day 2 at pool: Warm-up (5 minutes) Slow swim (15 minutes) Rest (5 minutes) Exceptional swim (15 minutes) Chill off (10 minutes) Complete time went through: 50 minutes Day 3 at track: Warm-up (5 minutes) 2-lap warm-up run (5 minutes) Walk (5 minutes) 2 mile run (Start at 14 minutes, would look to decrease time on each event) Chill off (10 minutes) Complete time went through: 40 minutes Another significant part of physical health is solid quality. Solid quality is the capacity of your body to lift a specific measure of weight at a given time. When chipping away at solid quality, one should realize what sets and redundancies are. A set is various reiterations for which one plays out a specific exercise. A redundancy is the demonstration of lifting and bringing down a weight once. A greatest lift is the most measure of weight one can lift for one redundancy. When starting a weight preparing program, one ought to consistently begin gradually, to get the body used to performing exhausting activities. In addition, a spotter ought to consistently be utilized when performing works out. In conclusion, before lifting, one should extend the muscles the individual in question is going to work. A case of a quality preparing program that I would follow is: Chest area Workout: Chest Bench Press 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight Back Lat Pulldowns 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .postImageUrl , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:hover , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:visited , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:active { border:0!important; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:active , .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:hover { obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud83da4b07 07427266187c02fc1070dac .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud83da4b0707427266187c02fc1070dac:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Maxis - Marketing Plan EssayLower Body Workout: Quads Leg Extension 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight Calves Calf Raise 4 sets: 1 warm-up set of low weight, 3 arrangements of 6-8 reps at high weight A last significant part of physical wellbeing is nourishment. A basic method of eating appropriately is to follow the food pyramid. The six regions of the pyramid are: grains, vegetables, natural products, fats and oils, milk and dairy items, and meat/beans/fish/nuts. For somebody following the schedules referenced above, he ought to have 10 ounces of grains, 3.5 cups of vegetables, 2.5 cups of natural products, 3 cups of milk, 7 ounces of meats and beans, .

Pizza Hut Trainee Operations Manager 12 month plan Essay

Pizza Hut Trainee Operations Manager year plan - Essay Example The organization has in excess of 6,000 outlets in the only us and works in excess of 90 nations over the world. Over the previous years, the organization has achieved client unwaveringness because of persevering development, top notch item and fantastic client assistance. The crucial Pizza Hut is to offer polite types of assistance. The organization offers a sheltered workplace, remunerating vocations that have both development and advancement openings (Mishra 2009). The activities chief will be entrusted with guaranteeing all the exercises of the outlet tasks administrator assign will be required to meet the client desires through guaranteeing all exercises identified with the readiness and serving of arranged nourishments satisfy the built up guidelines. The tasks supervisor must have the option to accomplish high consumer loyalty, meet the deals and productivity objectives and furthermore guarantee high spurred workforce (Story 2007). The supervisor will likewise be relied upon t o mentor the subordinates and guarantee the wellbeing and security strategies are followed in the work environment (Blyton and Turnbull 1992). Occupation publicizing Job title: tasks director assign Reporting to: General Manager Company: Pizza Hut Industry: Restaurant chain Salary: Negotiable Role: The jobholder will regulate the everyday activities of the eatery and work intimately with partners so as to guarantee top notch administrations, astounding client care and imaginative feasting idea for the objective market. The activities administrator must have hands on aptitudes so as to powerful meet the presentation benchmarks and guarantee consistent improvement in tasks. Employment obligations Manage everyday activities including requesting of stock, partition assignments, acquirement of crude materials and guarantee responsibility of usage of the stocks. Get ready day by day, week after week, month to month and yearly activity reports including the staff plans, stock control plans and business numbers. Guaranteeing that the eatery meet key execution pointers, for example, deals level, benefit and cost control markers. Work intimately with the administration in arranging publicizing and advertising plans for the eatery. Work with subordinates, for example, gourmet experts to design menus that are mainstream with steadfast clients. Guarantee that all the subordinates follow and cling to Pizza Hut wellbeing and security norms and approaches in the work environment. Oversee and direct groups so as to guarantee the productive progression of work procedures and exercises in the organization. Handle client grumblings in an opportune administrator and manages providers to guarantee no stock outs in the organization. Train, create, and persuade the subordinates towards fulfillment of the exhibition targets. Management of worker moves, for example, kitchen staff, holding up staff, food planning staff and cleaning staff. play out some other obligations as alloted by th e General Manager. Capabilities and experience at least a Bachelors qualification in tasks the board. Least of 1 year work involvement with comparable position or applicable area. Mindful to fine subtleties. Obliging and fantastic relational abilities. Solid administration aptitudes and relational abilities. Solid comprehension and abilities in cost control, menu arranging, and stock administration. Competitor meeting The organization will enlist both from the inside and outer market. All subordinates inspired by the position will be told about the employment opportunity through messages and a post in the organization site. What's more, so as to energize new ability in the organization, a vocation advert will be set in the day by day papers with the goal that outer competitors can go after the position. The intrigued candidates will be required to apply the activity by sending an application letter to the chief in control

Fear of Intimacy Signs, Causes, and Coping Strategies

Fear of Intimacy Signs, Causes, and Coping Strategies Phobias Types Print Fear of Intimacy: Signs, Causes, and Coping Strategies By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 02, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 04, 2019 Verywell / Nusha Ashjaee More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Fear of Intimacy? Causes Risk Factors Signs and Manifestations Diagnosis Therapy Management and Coping Advice for Loved Ones View All Back To Top The fear of intimacy, also sometimes referred to as intimacy avoidance or avoidance anxiety, is characterized as the fear of sharing a close emotional or physical relationship. People who experience this fear do not usually wish to avoid intimacy, and may even long for closeness, but frequently push others away or even sabotage relationships. Fear of intimacy can stem from several causes, including certain childhood experiences such as a history of abuse?? or neglect, but many other experiences and factors may contribute to this fear as well. Overcoming this can take time, both to explore and understand the contributing issues, and to practice allowing greater vulnerability. 1:50 Questions and Tips For Building Intimacy In Your Relationship What Is Fear of Intimacy? Intimacy refers to the ability  to genuinely share your true self with another person and relates to the experience of closeness and connection. Some define different types of intimacy, and the fear of it may involve one or more of them to different degrees. Examples include: Intellectual: The ability to share your thoughts and ideas with anotherEmotional: The ability to share your innermost feelings with anotherSexual: The ability to share yourself sexuallyExperiential: The ability to share experiences with another The fear of intimacy is separate from the fear of vulnerability, though the two can be closely intertwined. A person who is living with a fear of intimacy may be comfortable becoming vulnerable and showing their true self to the world at first, or at least to trusted friends and relatives. The problem often begins when a person with fear finds those relationships becoming too close or intimate. Causes Fears of abandonment and engulfmentâ€"and, ultimately, a fear of lossâ€"is at the heart of a fear of intimacy for many people, and these two fears may often coexist. Although the fears are dramatically different from one another, both cause behaviors that alternately pull the partner in and then push him or her away again. These fears are generally rooted in past childhood experiences and triggered by the here-and-now of adult relationships, leading to confusion if a person focuses on examining the relationship solely based on present-day circumstances. Fear of Abandonment Those who are afraid of abandonment worry that their partner will leave. This often results from the experience of a parent or other important adult figure abandoning the person emotionally or physically as a young child.?? Fear of Engulfment Those who have a fear of engulfment are afraid of being controlled, dominated, or losing themselves in a relationship, and this sometimes stems from growing up in an enmeshed family. Social Phobia/Anxiety Disorder The fear of intimacy may occur as part of a social phobia/social anxiety disorder, and some experts classify the fear of intimacy as a subset of these conditions.?? People who are afraid of others judgment, evaluation, or rejection are naturally more likely to shy away from making intimate, personal connections. In addition, some specific phobias, such as the fear of touch, may occur as part of the fear of intimacy. Other people, however, may be comfortable in loose social situations, numbering their acquaintances and social media friends in the hundreds, but have no deeply personal relationships at all. In fact, the fear of intimacy can be harder to detect as people hide behind their phones and social media. Risk Factors Risk factors for a fear of intimacy often stem back to childhood and the inability to securely trust parental figures, which leads to attachment issues. Experiences that may cause this include: Verbal abusePhysical abuseSexual abusePhysical neglectEmotional neglect: Parents who are physically but not emotionally available send the message to children that they cant be relied on.??Loss of a parent through death, divorce, or imprisonmentParental illness: Illness in a parent can result in a feeling of not being able to rely on anyone but oneself, especially when it involves role reversal or the need to play parent and care for other siblings at a young age.Parental mental illness: An example is a parent who has a narcissistic personality disorder.Parental substance abuseEnmeshed families: While enmeshed families may, on the surface, appear to be loving and supportive, boundaries and roles might be blurred and lead to issues with attachment, independence, and intimacy.?? A fear of intimacy is more common in people who are taught not to trust strangers, in those who have a history of depression, and in those who have experienced rape. Traumatic interactions in relationships outside the nuclear family, such as with a teacher, another relative, or a peer who is a bully, may also contribute. In addition, the experiences of relationships during adolescence and adulthood can continue to influence ones openness to intimacy. Signs and Manifestations The fear of intimacy can play out in a number of different ways in any type of relationship, whether romantic, platonic, or familial. Its important to note that the manifestations of an underlying fear of intimacy can often be interpreted as the opposite of what the person is trying to achieve in terms of connection. For instance, a person may strongly desire close relationships, but their fear prompts them to do things that cause problems forming and sustaining them. Ironically, relationship-sabotaging actions are usually most pronounced when the relationship in question is one that the person particularly values. For those who have been involved with a person living with a fear of intimacy, this is particularly important to understand. The fear does not usually cause major difficulties unless a person truly longs for closeness. Some specific behaviors that are commonly seen include: Serial Dating and Fear of Commitment A person who has a fear of intimacy is often able to interact with another, at least initially. Its when the relationship grows closerâ€"when the value of the relationship growsâ€"that  things begin to fall apart. Instead of connecting on an intimate level, the relationship is ended in some way, and replaced by yet another, more superficial relationship. The pattern that emerges is many short-term relationships. There are a number of reasons why a person may appear to have a commitment phobia or be accused of being a serial dater; fear of intimacy  may be one. Perfectionism The underlying fear of intimacy often lies a feeling that a person does not deserve to be loved and supported. This leads to the need to be perfect to prove oneself lovable. Whether it takes the form of being a workaholic or other manifestations of perfectionism, the fear often works to push others away rather than draw them near. Difficulty Expressing Needs A person with a fear of intimacy may have great difficulty expressing needs and wishes. Again, this may stem from feeling undeserving of anothers support. Since partners are unable to mind read, those needs go unfulfilled, essentially confirming the persons feelings that he or she is unworthy. This can translate into a vicious circle, one in which the lack of a partner understanding unexpressed needs leads to a further lack of trust in the relationship. Sabotaging Relationships People who have a fear of intimacy may sabotage their relationship in many ways.?? This may take the form of nitpicking and be very critical of a partner. It may also take the form of making themselves unlovable in some way, acting suspicious, and accusing a partner of something that hasnt actually occurred. Difficulties With Physical Contact A fear of intimacy can lead to extremes when it comes to physical contact. On one side, a person may avoid physical contact completely. On the other, he or she may seem to have a constant need for physical contact. Diagnosis There is a spectrum when it comes to fear of intimacy, with some people having only mild traits and others unable to form any close relationships at all. Psychometric testing can help a psychologist or therapist better define where a person lies on the spectrum and also evaluate for other mental health conditions. The Fear of Intimacy Scale is one measurement that can help objectively assess the condition. Therapy Professional guidance is often required, especially if the fear of intimacy is rooted in complicated past events. Choose your therapist carefully, as therapeutic rapport, mutual respect, and trust are essential to the work of healing. You may find that you need to try several therapists before you find a match. Your therapist can help you come to terms with any past or present events that are clouding the situation and help you design a series of small steps to gradually work through your fear. Many people who have a fear of intimacy also experience problems with depression, substance abuse, and anxiety disorders that also need to be addressed. A therapist can assist with these individual concerns as well. Management and Coping Whether you consult with a therapist or not, there is some work that must be done in order to conquer a fear of intimacy that only you can do. This largely comes down to facing and challenging negative attitudes about ones self, which is critical if lasting change is to take place. This can take time, a willingness to accept uncertainty, and the effort to review your life to discover how and why you developed this fear. Willingness to Accept Uncertainty Those who fear intimacy ultimately fear the consequences of a relationship that turns sour. Its important to embrace the fact that there are no guarantees in life or in human relationships. Every connection with another person is ultimately a gamble. Despite that, social relationships are a basic driving goal of human existence. Practicing courage can make a difference, and its been found that developing positive relationship experiences can decrease fear. A caveat is that its important to do this with someone who you believe you can trust. Try to focus more on living day to day, rather than focusing on (or needing) a particular outcome. Self-Compassion In order to successfully battle the fear of intimacy, you must first be comfortable in yourself. If you truly know and accept your own value and worth as a person, then you know that rejection is not as crushing as it may seem. You will be able to set appropriate boundaries to avoid engulfment and cope with abandonment if it comes along. Practicing self-compassion may sound easy to some, but for others, its not always intuitive. There are several excellent books and workbooks available that may be helpful if youre not certain where to begin. Look at Your Past Most of us dont want to think negatively about a parent but try to honestly evaluate your childhood relationships in an effort to zero in on possible contributions to your fear of intimacy. Think about the messages you received in your family and compare these with the messages you should have received. If you had a neglectful, abusive, or engulfing parent, understanding that those are not the only models of relationships may help you realize what might be possible in terms of intimacy. Tune Into Your Inner Dialogue The inner dialogue that leads to the manifestations of a fear of intimacy is often deep-seated, and after living a lifetime as your own inner critic, it may seem normal to you. Rather than accepting that critic, try to catch yourself casting judgments on yourself. Look to see where they are coming from and challenge and correct them when you can. Look at Your Goals What do you really want in life? Do you want a long-term intimate relationship? If so, how have you pushed people away in the past? Take time to review what your wishes and goals were and are and how your actions either help or hinder them. Give Yourself Time Overcoming a fear of intimacy doesnt happen overnight. Even when you feel like you have gained ground, you will inevitably have setbacks. Grant yourself forgiveness when this happens and speak kindly to your inner self. Try not to view your fear as a character flaw, but simply something that likely stems from your distant past that you can work through in order to have a better future. Research has also shown that positive relationship experiences can be beneficial for those who have issues with intimacy.?? Having such positive experiences may improve your ability to form intimacy over time. Advice for Loved Ones If it is your loved one who is coping with a fear of intimacy, you will need to practice patience. Setbacks are perfectly normal and to be expected. Establishing safety is of utmost importance so that your loved one can begin to open up. Try to not react personally or with anger if your loved one tries to push you away. Recognize that she is not rejecting you, but instead fears that you will reject her. Keep her fear of abandonment, rejection, or engulfment in mind as you think about her words and behaviors. She may interpret an action in a completely different way than you would be given her upbringing. For example, if she is coping with a fear of engulfment due to growing up in an enmeshed family, surprising her by saying we are going on a trip may not be a loving and pleasant surprise at all, and may reinforce her fear of being controlled. Instead, providing her clear choices and making sure she is involved in all decisions might be interpreted as more loving. Regular reminders of your love, both in words and in actions, are important. Dont assume she feels loved. Rather, create an environment that supports the fact that shes deserving of it. Most importantly, let him or her know that getting past the fear is a team effort. While you are likely curious, its not important for you to understand how this all started. Instead, what your loved one needs is support and a willingness to listen when she is ready to share. Finally, keep in mind that fear of intimacy usually rears its head in relationships that a person cherishesâ€"not those that are superficial. Its also usually triggered by positive emotions instead of negative ones. A Word From Verywell Actions rooted in a fear of intimacy only perpetuate the concern. With effort, and especially with a good therapist, however, many people have overcome the fear and developed the understanding and tools needed to create long-term intimate relationships.

Fear of Intimacy Signs, Causes, and Coping Strategies

Fear of Intimacy Signs, Causes, and Coping Strategies Phobias Types Print Fear of Intimacy: Signs, Causes, and Coping Strategies By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 02, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 04, 2019 Verywell / Nusha Ashjaee More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Fear of Intimacy? Causes Risk Factors Signs and Manifestations Diagnosis Therapy Management and Coping Advice for Loved Ones View All Back To Top The fear of intimacy, also sometimes referred to as intimacy avoidance or avoidance anxiety, is characterized as the fear of sharing a close emotional or physical relationship. People who experience this fear do not usually wish to avoid intimacy, and may even long for closeness, but frequently push others away or even sabotage relationships. Fear of intimacy can stem from several causes, including certain childhood experiences such as a history of abuse?? or neglect, but many other experiences and factors may contribute to this fear as well. Overcoming this can take time, both to explore and understand the contributing issues, and to practice allowing greater vulnerability. 1:50 Questions and Tips For Building Intimacy In Your Relationship What Is Fear of Intimacy? Intimacy refers to the ability  to genuinely share your true self with another person and relates to the experience of closeness and connection. Some define different types of intimacy, and the fear of it may involve one or more of them to different degrees. Examples include: Intellectual: The ability to share your thoughts and ideas with anotherEmotional: The ability to share your innermost feelings with anotherSexual: The ability to share yourself sexuallyExperiential: The ability to share experiences with another The fear of intimacy is separate from the fear of vulnerability, though the two can be closely intertwined. A person who is living with a fear of intimacy may be comfortable becoming vulnerable and showing their true self to the world at first, or at least to trusted friends and relatives. The problem often begins when a person with fear finds those relationships becoming too close or intimate. Causes Fears of abandonment and engulfmentâ€"and, ultimately, a fear of lossâ€"is at the heart of a fear of intimacy for many people, and these two fears may often coexist. Although the fears are dramatically different from one another, both cause behaviors that alternately pull the partner in and then push him or her away again. These fears are generally rooted in past childhood experiences and triggered by the here-and-now of adult relationships, leading to confusion if a person focuses on examining the relationship solely based on present-day circumstances. Fear of Abandonment Those who are afraid of abandonment worry that their partner will leave. This often results from the experience of a parent or other important adult figure abandoning the person emotionally or physically as a young child.?? Fear of Engulfment Those who have a fear of engulfment are afraid of being controlled, dominated, or losing themselves in a relationship, and this sometimes stems from growing up in an enmeshed family. Social Phobia/Anxiety Disorder The fear of intimacy may occur as part of a social phobia/social anxiety disorder, and some experts classify the fear of intimacy as a subset of these conditions.?? People who are afraid of others judgment, evaluation, or rejection are naturally more likely to shy away from making intimate, personal connections. In addition, some specific phobias, such as the fear of touch, may occur as part of the fear of intimacy. Other people, however, may be comfortable in loose social situations, numbering their acquaintances and social media friends in the hundreds, but have no deeply personal relationships at all. In fact, the fear of intimacy can be harder to detect as people hide behind their phones and social media. Risk Factors Risk factors for a fear of intimacy often stem back to childhood and the inability to securely trust parental figures, which leads to attachment issues. Experiences that may cause this include: Verbal abusePhysical abuseSexual abusePhysical neglectEmotional neglect: Parents who are physically but not emotionally available send the message to children that they cant be relied on.??Loss of a parent through death, divorce, or imprisonmentParental illness: Illness in a parent can result in a feeling of not being able to rely on anyone but oneself, especially when it involves role reversal or the need to play parent and care for other siblings at a young age.Parental mental illness: An example is a parent who has a narcissistic personality disorder.Parental substance abuseEnmeshed families: While enmeshed families may, on the surface, appear to be loving and supportive, boundaries and roles might be blurred and lead to issues with attachment, independence, and intimacy.?? A fear of intimacy is more common in people who are taught not to trust strangers, in those who have a history of depression, and in those who have experienced rape. Traumatic interactions in relationships outside the nuclear family, such as with a teacher, another relative, or a peer who is a bully, may also contribute. In addition, the experiences of relationships during adolescence and adulthood can continue to influence ones openness to intimacy. Signs and Manifestations The fear of intimacy can play out in a number of different ways in any type of relationship, whether romantic, platonic, or familial. Its important to note that the manifestations of an underlying fear of intimacy can often be interpreted as the opposite of what the person is trying to achieve in terms of connection. For instance, a person may strongly desire close relationships, but their fear prompts them to do things that cause problems forming and sustaining them. Ironically, relationship-sabotaging actions are usually most pronounced when the relationship in question is one that the person particularly values. For those who have been involved with a person living with a fear of intimacy, this is particularly important to understand. The fear does not usually cause major difficulties unless a person truly longs for closeness. Some specific behaviors that are commonly seen include: Serial Dating and Fear of Commitment A person who has a fear of intimacy is often able to interact with another, at least initially. Its when the relationship grows closerâ€"when the value of the relationship growsâ€"that  things begin to fall apart. Instead of connecting on an intimate level, the relationship is ended in some way, and replaced by yet another, more superficial relationship. The pattern that emerges is many short-term relationships. There are a number of reasons why a person may appear to have a commitment phobia or be accused of being a serial dater; fear of intimacy  may be one. Perfectionism The underlying fear of intimacy often lies a feeling that a person does not deserve to be loved and supported. This leads to the need to be perfect to prove oneself lovable. Whether it takes the form of being a workaholic or other manifestations of perfectionism, the fear often works to push others away rather than draw them near. Difficulty Expressing Needs A person with a fear of intimacy may have great difficulty expressing needs and wishes. Again, this may stem from feeling undeserving of anothers support. Since partners are unable to mind read, those needs go unfulfilled, essentially confirming the persons feelings that he or she is unworthy. This can translate into a vicious circle, one in which the lack of a partner understanding unexpressed needs leads to a further lack of trust in the relationship. Sabotaging Relationships People who have a fear of intimacy may sabotage their relationship in many ways.?? This may take the form of nitpicking and be very critical of a partner. It may also take the form of making themselves unlovable in some way, acting suspicious, and accusing a partner of something that hasnt actually occurred. Difficulties With Physical Contact A fear of intimacy can lead to extremes when it comes to physical contact. On one side, a person may avoid physical contact completely. On the other, he or she may seem to have a constant need for physical contact. Diagnosis There is a spectrum when it comes to fear of intimacy, with some people having only mild traits and others unable to form any close relationships at all. Psychometric testing can help a psychologist or therapist better define where a person lies on the spectrum and also evaluate for other mental health conditions. The Fear of Intimacy Scale is one measurement that can help objectively assess the condition. Therapy Professional guidance is often required, especially if the fear of intimacy is rooted in complicated past events. Choose your therapist carefully, as therapeutic rapport, mutual respect, and trust are essential to the work of healing. You may find that you need to try several therapists before you find a match. Your therapist can help you come to terms with any past or present events that are clouding the situation and help you design a series of small steps to gradually work through your fear. Many people who have a fear of intimacy also experience problems with depression, substance abuse, and anxiety disorders that also need to be addressed. A therapist can assist with these individual concerns as well. Management and Coping Whether you consult with a therapist or not, there is some work that must be done in order to conquer a fear of intimacy that only you can do. This largely comes down to facing and challenging negative attitudes about ones self, which is critical if lasting change is to take place. This can take time, a willingness to accept uncertainty, and the effort to review your life to discover how and why you developed this fear. Willingness to Accept Uncertainty Those who fear intimacy ultimately fear the consequences of a relationship that turns sour. Its important to embrace the fact that there are no guarantees in life or in human relationships. Every connection with another person is ultimately a gamble. Despite that, social relationships are a basic driving goal of human existence. Practicing courage can make a difference, and its been found that developing positive relationship experiences can decrease fear. A caveat is that its important to do this with someone who you believe you can trust. Try to focus more on living day to day, rather than focusing on (or needing) a particular outcome. Self-Compassion In order to successfully battle the fear of intimacy, you must first be comfortable in yourself. If you truly know and accept your own value and worth as a person, then you know that rejection is not as crushing as it may seem. You will be able to set appropriate boundaries to avoid engulfment and cope with abandonment if it comes along. Practicing self-compassion may sound easy to some, but for others, its not always intuitive. There are several excellent books and workbooks available that may be helpful if youre not certain where to begin. Look at Your Past Most of us dont want to think negatively about a parent but try to honestly evaluate your childhood relationships in an effort to zero in on possible contributions to your fear of intimacy. Think about the messages you received in your family and compare these with the messages you should have received. If you had a neglectful, abusive, or engulfing parent, understanding that those are not the only models of relationships may help you realize what might be possible in terms of intimacy. Tune Into Your Inner Dialogue The inner dialogue that leads to the manifestations of a fear of intimacy is often deep-seated, and after living a lifetime as your own inner critic, it may seem normal to you. Rather than accepting that critic, try to catch yourself casting judgments on yourself. Look to see where they are coming from and challenge and correct them when you can. Look at Your Goals What do you really want in life? Do you want a long-term intimate relationship? If so, how have you pushed people away in the past? Take time to review what your wishes and goals were and are and how your actions either help or hinder them. Give Yourself Time Overcoming a fear of intimacy doesnt happen overnight. Even when you feel like you have gained ground, you will inevitably have setbacks. Grant yourself forgiveness when this happens and speak kindly to your inner self. Try not to view your fear as a character flaw, but simply something that likely stems from your distant past that you can work through in order to have a better future. Research has also shown that positive relationship experiences can be beneficial for those who have issues with intimacy.?? Having such positive experiences may improve your ability to form intimacy over time. Advice for Loved Ones If it is your loved one who is coping with a fear of intimacy, you will need to practice patience. Setbacks are perfectly normal and to be expected. Establishing safety is of utmost importance so that your loved one can begin to open up. Try to not react personally or with anger if your loved one tries to push you away. Recognize that she is not rejecting you, but instead fears that you will reject her. Keep her fear of abandonment, rejection, or engulfment in mind as you think about her words and behaviors. She may interpret an action in a completely different way than you would be given her upbringing. For example, if she is coping with a fear of engulfment due to growing up in an enmeshed family, surprising her by saying we are going on a trip may not be a loving and pleasant surprise at all, and may reinforce her fear of being controlled. Instead, providing her clear choices and making sure she is involved in all decisions might be interpreted as more loving. Regular reminders of your love, both in words and in actions, are important. Dont assume she feels loved. Rather, create an environment that supports the fact that shes deserving of it. Most importantly, let him or her know that getting past the fear is a team effort. While you are likely curious, its not important for you to understand how this all started. Instead, what your loved one needs is support and a willingness to listen when she is ready to share. Finally, keep in mind that fear of intimacy usually rears its head in relationships that a person cherishesâ€"not those that are superficial. Its also usually triggered by positive emotions instead of negative ones. A Word From Verywell Actions rooted in a fear of intimacy only perpetuate the concern. With effort, and especially with a good therapist, however, many people have overcome the fear and developed the understanding and tools needed to create long-term intimate relationships.

Punctuate Your Point, Correctly How to Punctuate Dialogue

They may seem small, but punctuation marks can make all the difference in how we read and understand the English language. The title of what has become an iconic little book, Eats, Shoots Leaves, exemplifies the level of ambiguity that can result from the presence or absence of a comma. This chapter focuses on several oft-mistaken categories of punctuation marks – the comma, the semi-colon, the apostrophe, quotation marks – and how, when, and where to use them properly. Part I: Dialogue Punctuating Dialogue: "Where do the quotation marks go?" "Who's to say?" I am an English teacher, or an aspiring one. In the high school where I completed my student teaching, I spent quite a lot of my time teaching and correcting certain topics of punctuation that for whatever reasons consistently gave students a hard time. One of the most common of these topics was how to punctuate dialogue, which came up in every creative or personal narrative assignment. The following is an overview of best practices for determining where the quotation marks go, when to add single quotes, and how to indicate a change in speaker. "Ready?" Ok! To illustrate the rules for punctuating speech, I first showed my students this scene from The Social Network because it provides an exemplary exchange of dialogue between two characters with rapid back and forth, questions, and statements. The task subsequent assignment was for students to rewrite the text from this scene, copied in the transcript below, in the form of a dialogue. The transcript for part of the scene is as follows: Gage: Do I have your full attention? Mark Zuckerberg: [stares out the window] No. Gage: Do you think I deserve it? Mark Zuckerberg: [looks at Gage] What? Gage: Do you think I deserve your full attention? Mark Zuckerberg: I had to swear an oath before we began this deposition, and I don't want to perjure myself, so I have a legal obligation to say no. Gage: Okay – no. You don't think I deserve your attention. Mark Zuckerberg: I think if your clients want to sit on my shoulders and call themselves tall, they have the right to give it a try – but there's no requirement that I enjoy sitting here listening to people lie. You have part of my attention - you have the minimum amount. The rest of my attention is back at the offices of Facebook, where my colleagues and I are doing things that no one in this room, including and especially your clients, are intellectually or creatively capable of doing. [pauses] Mark Zuckerberg: Did I adequately answer your condescending question? What do we need to know in order to convert this transcript into dialogue? Capitalize the first letter of a quote. Place the opening quotation marks before the first word that is spoken. Place the final quotation marks after the last word that is spoken – the placement of punctuation marks inside or outside the quotation marks depends on the following factors: 1. If the spoken sentence ends in â€Å"!† or â€Å"?† then put the punctuation mark inside the quotes: â€Å"Do I have your full attention?† Gage said. In this case, Gage is asking a question. Since the question mark is necessary to convey the full content of what he is saying, it is included within the quotation marks to indicate that the question mark is part of what is spoken. Immediately after the quotation marks, the dialogue tag (he said/she said/they asked, etc.) indicates who spoke the preceding sentiment, and that is followed by end punctuation to conclude the sentence. 2. If the sentence being quoted ends in a â€Å".† then drop the period and replace it with a comma before the final quotation marks: â€Å"I had to swear an oath before we began this deposition, and I don't want to perjure myself, so I have a legal obligation to say no,† Mark Zuckerberg said. If there is a dialogue tag in the middle of the sentence, put a comma inside the quotation marks of the first part of the quote, and after the dialogue tag: â€Å"I had to swear an oath before we began this deposition,† Mark started, â€Å"and I don't want to perjure myself, so I have a legal obligation to say no.† 3. When the dialogue tag comes before the quote, put a comma before the quotation marks: Mark answered, â€Å"No.† You can also add action before the dialogue tag: Staring out the window, Mark Zuckerberg answered, â€Å"No." 4. When you need to change speakers, start a new paragraph for each speaker: â€Å"Do you think I deserve it?† Gage persisted. â€Å"What?† said Mark, looking back at Gage. â€Å"Do you think I deserve your full attention?† Gage repeated. Mark paused and considered his response before continuing. 5. When the same speaker has a lot of speech at once, separate the speech with paragraph indents but do not close the quotation marks: When the same speaker has multiple paragraphs of spoken text, do not put final quotation marks at the end of the first paragraph. Add opening quotation marks again at the beginning of the second paragraph. â€Å"I think if your clients want to sit on my shoulders and call themselves tall, they have the right to give it a try - but there's no requirement that I enjoy sitting here listening to people lie. You have part of my attention - you have the minimum amount. The rest of my attention is back at the offices of Facebook, where my colleagues and I are doing things that no one in this room, including and especially your clients, are intellectually or creatively capable of doing. "Did I adequately answer your condescending question?† Mark concluded, refusing to break eye contact. With our expert edits, the complete dialogue would look like this: â€Å"Mr. Zuckerberg, do I have your full attention?† asked Gage. Staring out the window, Mark Zuckerberg answered, â€Å"No." â€Å"Do you think I deserve it?† Gage persisted. â€Å"What?† said Mark, looking up at Gage. â€Å"Do you think I deserve your full attention?† Gage repeated. Mark paused and considered his forthcoming response. â€Å"I had to swear an oath before we began this deposition,† he started, â€Å"and I don't want to perjure myself, so I have a legal obligation to say no.† With a confused look on his face, Gage replied, â€Å"Okay - no. You don't think I deserve your attention." â€Å"I think if your clients want to sit on my shoulders and call themselves tall, they have the right to give it a try - but there's no requirement that I enjoy sitting here listening to people lie. You have part of my attention - you have the minimum amount. The rest of my attention is back at the offices of Facebook, where my colleagues and I are doing things that no one in this room, including and especially your clients, are intellectually or creatively capable of doing. "Did I adequately answer your condescending question?† Mark concluded, refusing to break eye contact. Don't miss out on next month's installment of our grammar blog! Want more tips from our New York and Cambridge English tutors? How about some advice from the one and only grammar guru? ; Continue to read up on writing by checking out some excellent articles below! You Could Care Less About Grammar, But Maybe You Could Care More? Did I Read The Same Text Everyone Else Did?! 5 Habits for Improving (and Maintaining) Reading and Writing Skills

Fahrenheit 451 Quiz Check Your Knowledge

Origins of the Cold War Essay - 1295 Words

Origins of the Cold War The purpose of this paper is to explore the origins of the Cold War. To accomplish this exploration, the works of W.A. Williams, Robert Jervis, and Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. serves as the foundation. Before a closer examination of these works, a short explanation of the three common viewpoints regarding the study of the Cold War is warranted. These viewpoints are Attribution, Structural, and Misperception. With these viewpoints to guide the way, the above authors look at the origins of the Cold War. I will make my own points about the origins later. Following World War II, the United States and the Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) changed roles from Allies to enemies. The†¦show more content†¦The Structuralist view contends that the international system created the Cold War Following the war, all the former great powers were destitute; the two strong powers emerged to fill the vacuum. The European Balance of Power system was replaced by a stable (many w ould argue that it wasnt all that stable, just relatively predictable..just food for thought out of my notes, maybe relatively stable is a better word) bipolar system that put the US in direct opposition to the USSR following WWII. The Misperception view believes in just that, misperception between the two belligerents. The perception of each nation viewing the other was actually a misperception. The effect of mirroring caused many misperceptions between the two nations. Mirroring is seeing the other as we see ourselves in the mirror, implanting our logic, beliefs, values, and perceptions on the other instead of looking at the other as they see themselves. William Appleman Williams is considered to be an attributionist (missed a couple letters, I respelled it fur ya). Williams considered the US the aggressor in the COLD WAR. The policy of the Open Door created the environment that closed the door to any result but the cold war (Williams 1972, 229). This environment was perpet uated by Roosevelts successors who rapidly embarked upon a program to force the Soviet Union to accept Americas traditionalShow MoreRelatedThe Origins Of Cold War1550 Words   |  7 PagesThis research looks at the origins of Cold war, the political, ideological and economical rivalry between the United States and Soviet Union. This research draws upon mostly primary sources including memoirs, interviews and scholarly studies of cold war era conflicts. Most research on this topic focuses on its connection to the famous events and upheavals, which shaped that era. â€Å"From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an â€Å"Iron Curtain† has descended across the continent. Behind thatRead MoreOrigins Of The Cold War1465 Words   |  6 Pages18.1- Origins of the Cold War †¢ Allies Clash o After World War II finally came to an end, the United States and Soviet Union had conflicting ideas of how to restore the world back to normal. ï‚ § Stalin wanted complete and ultimate control over the countries that were within the borders of the Soviet Union, spreading communist regimes. ï‚ § Meanwhile, the United States wished for all these states that were under Nazi rule to have self-determination. o This essentially formed a rivalry between the idealsRead MoreThe Origin Of Cold War1987 Words   |  8 PagesThe Origin of Cold War: Ideology Clashes According to some sources, the fall of the Berlin wall on November 9th 1989 marks the significant ending of the years long Cold war between the two super power; the United States and the Soviet Union. The Cold War is unlike any other wars as there are no big battles but instead the two superpowers focus their competition on politics, economics, military, and ideological might. Since the Cold War is unique for the aforementioned reason, experts have long debatedRead MoreThe Origins Of The Cold War2356 Words   |  10 PagesHI742/HI747- The Cold War, 1941-1991 How Important were individual figures in the origins of the Cold War? The Cold War refers to a period post World War II characterised by a state of political tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States both supported by their allies from the Eastern and Western blocs respectively. Despite this being such a pivotal point in modern history there is a lack of clarity stemming from much debate regarding the catalyst for the Cold War and the ‘start’Read MoreEssay on The Origins of the Cold War817 Words   |  4 PagesThe Origins of the Cold War The Cold War period from 1945 to 1985 was a result of distrust and misunderstanding between the USSR and the United States of America. This distrust never actually resulted any fighting between the two superpowers but they came very close to fighting on several occasions. The Cold War was a result of many different events and factors including the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, the Potsdam Conference of 1945, the differences between communismRead MoreOrigins of the Cold War Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesOrigins of the Cold War Revisionist historians tend to regard the outbreak of the Cold War as a result of American hostility or, at least , diplomatic incompetence, while the more traditional view lays the responsibility squarely at the feet of the Soviet Union. Assess the validity of each view. The Cold War,said to have lasted from the end of World War II to the dismantling of the Soviet Union in 1991, was one of the most significant political events of the 20th century. For nearlyRead MoreOrigin of the Cold War Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesAfter the Second World War America and the Soviet Union gained power in Europe. Though these to countries never fought one another, they waged a cold war of economic, military and ideological rivalry which last through the second half of the twentieth century. The origin of the Cold War began with the Russian Revolution in nineteen-seventeen, which created a Soviet Russia. The Soviet Russia did not have the same economic and ideological state as the United States. The Civil war in Russia in whichRead MoreEssay about The Origins of the Cold War679 Words   |  3 PagesThe Origins of the Cold War The Cold War was a state of extreme hostility and confrontation but without direct militant action between the two world powers, the USSR and the USA. The USSR and the USA were originally wartime Allies during the Second World War; however a string of events and issues caused a built up of suspicion and distrust which finally escalated to what was known as the Cold War. The start of Cold War can be simply defined as the period of time wherebyRead More The Historiography of the Origins of the Cold War Essay2691 Words   |  11 PagesThe Historiography of the Origins of the Cold War There have been many attempts to explain the origins of the Cold War that developed between the capitalist West and the communist East after the Second World War. Indeed, there is great disagreement in explaining the source for the Cold War; some explanations draw on events pre-1945; some draw only on issues of ideology; others look to economics; security concerns dominate some arguments; personalities are seen as the root cause for some historiansRead MoreThe United States And The Origins Of The Cold War1717 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Calvo AMH2042 23 July 2015 The United States and the Origins of the Cold War Essay Thinking about the decisions, strategies and goals of Soviet Union and the United States views on world domination and the possible accomplishment of such. The first and main would be to think and observe critically concerning the worldwide political scenery in the years after World War II (1945). This moment in history; taking all the way through the Cold War, may be seen as a lapse of severe ideological polarization

Analysis Of Quixote s Soldiers By Cesar Chavez Essay

Depicted on the cover of Quixote’s Soldiers is a group of Mexican- American men and women in protest formation. They carry with them signs that say â€Å"Justice for La Raza,† â€Å"Ando sangrando igual que tu,† and â€Å"Cops out of our communities!† David Montejano argues that Mexican- American reform groups are often left out of the Civil Rights Movement taught in a classroom. San Antonio was the birthplace of the Chicano movement. Here, various organizations were formed to encourage the government to increase Mexican- Americans opportunities in the educational field as well as in the work field. The Brown Power movement campaigned for Mexican- Americans to reject assimilation into the American mainstream society, and celebrate their Chicano history. La Causa, or â€Å"The Cause† of this movement, began as farm worker strikes in California and Southwest region. (Montejano, 10) Farmworkers demanded fair wages and suitable working conditions, but they also faced inequality outside of the workplace. Inspired by Cesar Chavez, young Chicanos in San Antonio began to form organizations that would challenge the injustice and inequality treatment they faced as citizens of the United States. The Civil Rights Movement of African- Americans also impacted and influenced the young generation of the Chicano Movement. They shared one common enemy: the white- elite. Their basic rights as a citizen were being withheld and they organized to fight to retrieve them. The West and South regions of San Antonio

Gun Control A Controversial Issue For More Than A Century

Arias 1 Ana Arias Fontana Criminal Justice 3-19-15 Gun Control Gun control has been a controversial issue for more than a century, and there is yet to be a definitive solution or consensus. Proponents of gun control believe there should be stricter regulations, and more in depth background checks before someone is allowed to purchase a firearm. Among other things, the Second Amendment was added to our Constitution because the founders believed the private ownership of guns was necessary for the protection of our liberties. California requires all gun sales to be transacted through a licensed dealer and to obtain a state license. Everyone who purchases a firearm is obligated to obtain a Firearm and Safety Certificate, after passing a written test which maintains permanent records of firearm sales giving local governments authority to regulate weapons and ammunition. CON GUN CONTROL Many do not fully comprehend the Second Amendment which reads â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arias 2 Arms, shall not be infringed.† The government has no right to change the amendment and placing a ban and enforcing stricter regulations is yet another invasion of our liberty. By placing restrictions on gun ownership, citizens will feel insecure and more defenseless. FBI crime statistics show that more people are murdered by clubs and hammers than rifles and shotguns. This statement wouldShow MoreRelatedControversial Gun Control Laws882 Words   |  4 PagesGun control is one of the oldest laws dating back to the early 1800’s. It was approved in the southern part of the United States. During this period, the Georgia administration banned handguns, but the Supreme Court cancelled the law after some time due to the second amendment. The second amendment of the United States which says â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.† has secured certain gunRead Mor eThe Constitution Of The United States1557 Words   |  7 PagesRights would be adopted. The Bill of Rights, at the time, consisted of 10 amendments; of these 10 comes one of the most controversial ones, the Second Amendment, which is the right for individuals to bear arms. This amendment was, and will continue to be one of the most controversial issues from the time of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States up to the 21st century. As a nation, there is still a battle between people who want to put restrictions on this amendment and people who believeRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1226 Words   |  5 Pageshave been more tension around gun-control than ever. This shooting has inspired a new wave of people to argue over whether or not the United States needs new gun laws, one side argues that we need more restrictions on the owning of guns, the other side that its a citizens right to own a gun and to take that away is unconstitutional. In this paper, I w ill first give a rundown of the history of laws concerning gun control, then I will talk about whether or not America should pass more gun laws thenRead MoreThe Debate on Gun Control and the Second Amendment Essay1132 Words   |  5 PagesGuns have been around for a very long time. People love being able to have the freedom to do what they want, especially when they can possess something that make them feel superior. The introduction of the Second Amendment opens up the controversial, yet well anticipated opportunity for United State citizens to be able to own guns. Americans enjoy the benefit of being able to own guns for decades over people in other countries. People can buy guns and carry them around in public. They own guns forRead MoreGun Control And The United States929 Words   |  4 PagesGun control has been a debated, revisited and revised issue for more than a century in the United States. Recently, after several mass shootings in the United States, gun violence issues are; yet again, renewed and in the forefront for the United States. This paper will consist of insight on gun violence in the United States and the newly imposed gun control policies by President Obama; along with, the arguments for and against the new policies and what roles both the formal and informal actorsRead MoreWill gun control stop harm or protect citizens? Today, the opinions of Americans vary on whether1100 Words   |  5 PagesWill gun control stop harm or protect citizens? Today, the opinions of Americans vary on whether guns harm or protect citizens. However, gun control is not a new controversial issue. In 1924, U.S. Senator, Robert La Follete, said, â€Å"Our choice is not merely to support or oppose gun control but to decide who can own which guns under what conditions.† This proves that gun control has been a concern to Americans since the mid- twentieth century, and possibly even earlier than that. Even with the U.SRead MoreGun Control And Gun Violence10 54 Words   |  5 PagesGun control generally refers to policies that regulate the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, or use of firearms (Wikipedia). This is an important definition for citizens, lawmakers, and gun lobbyists to follow over the debate on gun control. As well as the Second Amendment in the constitution which states, â€Å"The right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed†. There has been a debate on whether that specifies within the home or outside of the home. For more thanRead MoreGun Control vs. Crime Rate1547 Words   |  7 PagesJessica Vickers Dr. Jonne Akens Engl 1302 25 February 2013 Gun Control vs. Crime Rate According to the Second Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.† In this very amendment lies the main issue of gun control. â€Å"To many, the language of the amendment appears to grant to the people the absolute right to bear arms. However, theRead MoreGun Control Debate Throughout Contemporary America1725 Words   |  7 PagesGun Control Debate in Contemporary America Introduction The gun control debate has dominated US history, and it has been a controversial issue in itself considering that the right to bear and keep arms is one among the few bitterly divisive issues of American constitutional law. The Second Amendment is significant in this debate, providing the basis upon which those supporting robust gun regulation as fundamental, collective, and civic right and in particular its preamble concreting the usefulnessRead MoreGun Control And The Rights Of A Free State1149 Words   |  5 PagesGun Control Multiple news outlets reported the same number over and over. 74. This is the general estimated number of mass school shootings that have occurred since the massacre at Newton’s Sandyhook Elementary School on December 14, 2012. The Newton massacre once again had a nation grieving for loss of innocent lives in such tragic ways and once again the issue of gun control went to the front of the nation’s agenda. American history shows a fascination with gunfighters and the Old West mentality

Capital Punishment Is Deterring Future Crimes - 814 Words

The death penalty remains one of the most controversial topics in the study of criminal justice. Hundreds of convicted criminals have seen their fate by the hands of capital punishment in the course of United States history. Hundreds of others are still awaiting the day their sentence will be carried out. However, even though many of Americans still believe the principal role of capital punishment is deterring future crimes, thousands of others condemn the United States criminal justice system for its errors and fallacies, which result in erroneous capital punishment decisions and legalized violence against innocent people. Capital punishment has recently become an issue of discussion in the American Journal of Criminal Justice. The central theme of the journal covers contemporary topics related to the death penalty that have not been addressed or have received limited attention in the extant criminological literature (Richards Smith, 2015, p. 199). In other words, the journal focuses on the analysis of the topics, issues, and controversies surrounding the death penalty, which have been ignored by other researchers. As a result, it uncovers the hidden facets of capital punishment and suggests future directions for death penalty research. This journal focuses on the influence of extralegal and legal variables on capital punishment. The article includes complete credentials of both authors. Tara N. Richards is referred to as an Assistant Professor in theShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment Is A Form Of Torture971 Words   |  4 PagesCapital punishment is nothing new; executions have taken place for centuries. Capital punishment is utilized throughout the world. Thirty-six countries currently use the death penalty in law and practice. One hundred and three countries have abolished the death penalty completely. Whereas, six countries currently retain the death penalty for special circumstances, such as war crimes (CIA World Factbook). Whether capital punishment is an effective measure to curb future violent crimes is still debatedRead MoreCapital Punishment Of The Criminal Justice System1407 Words   |  6 PagesIn the United States, capital punishment has always been the spotlight of many debates concerning the consequences of severe crimes. Although capital punishment is deemed to be acceptable for violent cr imes such as murder, there are numerous individuals who oppose the usage of capital punishment against violent offenders. Both proponents and opponents have given countless opinions concerning the deterrence effect of capital punishment. Research studies have also added fuel to the debate in regardsRead MoreCapital Punishment : A Deterrent Effect971 Words   |  4 Pagesuse of capital punishment. In particular, American constitutional legal scholars Cass R Sunstein and Adrien Vermeule presented their 2005 study, â€Å"Is Capital Punishment Morally Required? The Relevance of Life-Life Tradeoffs,† which supports the notion of capital punishment as a deterrent. Sunstein and Vermeule’s study specifically presents the argument of the morality behind the death penalty’s significant deterrent effect, in light of recent research studies that they found to support capital punishmentRead MoreDr. Cesare Beccaria As The Father Of Deterrence Theory1563 Words   |  7 PagesJuveniles around the United States are committing crimes every day. When they commit these crimes, they may not know of the consequences that come with committing the crimes until they get caught. These young children or teenagers need to start learning the consequences of committing a crime before they grow older because if they do not learn, they will make their life miserable. The deterrence theory would be a perfect way to keep these young people out of trouble. Deterrence would play a huge roleRead MoreCapital Punishment : Deontology Vs. Consequentialism1165 Words   |  5 Pages Capital Punishment: Deontology vs. consequentialism Subject: Analyze the deontological and consequentialist arguments on both sides of the issue of capital punishment in Gregg v Georgia. In this paper I will present the moral arguments of deontology and consequentialism used to determine whether or not using the death penalty was in fact constitutional. I will present both sides of the arguments and present them in the context of this trial and of similar situations where the arguments couldRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Endorsed: An Opinion Essay649 Words   |  3 Pagesand deterring murderers from involving in more criminal activities. Nonetheless, the opponents of the death penalty argue that it should not be endorsed simply because of the killing of innocent people. However, the death penalty should be endorsed because of its benefits and the ineffectiveness of punishment in discouraging potential offenders from criminal actions. The death penalty should be used since its the strongest kind of punishment in deterring murder and lessening other crimes. TheRead MoreCapital Punishment Is Deterrence For Crime1570 Words   |  7 Pagesheinous crime on another victim. To this day, capital punishment is a subject undergoing intense study, and is a hot topic of controversy. It is a challenging debate with many different viewpoints. Many people are pro death penalty, while others are quite against it, and there are others with amphibological feelings towards the subject. One of the many different questions that originate when the topic of the death penalty arises is if capital punishment is deterrence for crime. Capital punishment stirsRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Capital Punishment1238 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I think capital punishment works g reat. Every killer you kill never kills again† (Brainy Quotes). As far back as the death penalty began, it was established as a punishment in the United States in 1608. Britain influenced Americas use of the death penalty more than any other country had. When European settlers came to the new world, the settlers practiced the capital punishment. The first execution was set in the new colony of Jamestown Virginia. Although some may say the death penalty is wrongRead MoreDeath Penalty Argumentative Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pages or capital punishment, is the execution of an offender that is sentenced to death by a court of law for a criminal offense.   This type of punishment for inmates is involved in controversy over whether or not it is an acceptable form of punishment for criminals and also whether or not it is immoral.   There are many arguments for both sides of the debate, each making valid points and pointing out the flaws of the opposing position. Many religions are either for or against capital punishment, dueRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Dead Man Walking 1564 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1995 film Dead Man Walking portrays the story of Sister Helen Prejean as she struggles to serve as a spiritual advisor to Louisiana death row inmate Matthew Poncelet. The film scrutinizes and criticizes the practice of capital punishment in the United States. The narrative is constructed in such a way that the audience is encouraged to draw their own conclusions, moving through an experience exposed and open to all its effects. It is a sensitive and complex look at Christian forgiveness in the

Calorie Programming Solution Proposal Essay Sample free essay sample

I want to take this clip to thank the persons who decided to take part in Level-Up Calorie plan. I would besides wish to clap all the voluntaries. and board members who have worked diligently to piece a plan that fits the demands of all age groups. As some of you may hold noticed that we have been seeking to make a plan for the web site to assist suit those persons. which may non be able to go to the group meetings because of work agendas or other events. While watching the unrecorded provender. we noticed that the plan is non running right. The boarded has assembled a squad together that will work diligently to assist rectify this proficient job and acquire the plan running right with no malfunctions. The team’s function will be to come in the plan. which has been installed within the computing machine system and rectify the mistake happening when the plan reaches this certain prompt. We will write a custom essay sample on Calorie Programming Solution Proposal Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This rectification will be completed by the squad making a plan which will motivate the Calories to cipher right throughout your patterned advance and so entire at the terminal. The plan will besides be able to take the Calories intake from each hebdomadal input and norm out the Calories throughout the procedure. For those of you who may non be computing machine knowing. I will give you a description of the procedure the squad will utilize to finish their undertaking. The first measure the squad will make is analyse the job by placing a coveted consequence. finding information is needed to bring forth these consequences. and find what processes must be carried out to continue from the known informations to the desired end product. Following measure the squad will work on is planing the plan. which entails making a elaborate description. utilizing comparatively ordinary linguistic communication or particular diagrams of the plan to be created. Simply seting it. they will travel through a bit-by-bit process called algorithms. which go from the simple portion of the plan to the most complex portion. This means that the squad can non go forth out any stairss within the plan. We are cognizant that this may look like an easy hole but there is basic inside informations. which if missed the plan will make and error reading. Algorithms are non all defines at one time. As the squad is planing the plan and interrupt down major constituents into smaller pieces. the algorithms for each undertaking will go more complex. Keep in head that an algorithm must end in a finite clip. Once the squad has designed a suited plan to work out the job. they will interpret that design into plan codification. This means that the squad must compose statements or instructions in a certain scheduling linguistic communication to set the design in useable signifier. During this point the squad will add extra statements for certification intents. This is an of import measure because this will let the squad to supply extra accounts in apparent English. which in return will do it easier for the common users to understand the plan codification. The squad will be utilizing programming linguistic communication package to come in the plan statements into the computer’s memory. Specific words and symbols will be used by the different linguistic communications. and this procedure is called sentence structure. The exact codification and symbols the squad will be utilizing to compose the codification will depend on the linguistic communication the squad is utilizing. The concludin g measure that the squad will concentrate on is proving the plan. This procedure is to guarantee that the plan is free from mistakes and does work out the given job. The squad will hold the computing machine run the plan and put to death the statements by utilizing different sets of input informations. which will make up ones mind if the plan is working right. The squad will carry on trial throughout the development procedure. which should happen during the analyzing phase. which will assist us find if the known information was interpreted right. do I have right expressions and processs for what I am making. and have I fulfilled plan demands. It will besides be tested during the designed phase with what is called desk-checking. which is simple informations being input to see if the squad gets the expected consequence. The plan will besides make its ain testing in the codification phase to guarantee each statement has the proper sentence structure. The squad will be alerted if the statement is non decently phrased. In decision. the squad will develop a running plan to turn to the scoring issue. which allow for the marking to be displayed right. Th e squad hopes that we keep in head this is non an nightlong procedure. but we do plane to hold the plan developed and running by the weekend’s terminal. Thank you for your clip and forbearance while we work hard to better our plan.

Role of HR in Creating Sustainable Organizations

Question: Discuss about the Role of HR in Creating Sustainable Organizations. Answer: Introduction The case study deals with a hospital in Australia, which has approximately 400 staff members in different units which are located across the country. The case study discusses how poor HR practices in the organization have led to staff turnover, absenteeism, grievances and lack of staff members. This in turn has led to some serious incidents with the patients and decreased the quality of services in terms of medical care and facilities. Another hospital is highlighted in case study in order to give a contrasting view of HR practices. The hospital has a proper HR department which facilitates employee engagement and other HR activities which has led to staff retention, morale and overall quality of the patient care and safety. The report would try to evaluate the ways that the first hospital should adopt in order to improve its quality of patient care and the ways of building a sustainable HR framework through HRM theories and models. Methodology The case study has shown the contrasting view of two hospitals, where first hospital lacks a proper HR department due to which it is facing problems high attrition rate, grievances issues and decreased quality of patient care, the second hospital has an effective HR department which makes it a leading healthcare organization. The CEO of the first hospital has given all the HR roles and responsibilities to the Line Managers of the hospital and has hired an HR consultant who overviews the HR policies on a weekly basis. The CEO has overlooked the consequences of lack of an HR department which has led to work conflicts, staff turnover and shortage of staff. This has an impact on overall quality of patient care and safety and led to severe patient accidents. The CEO is required to review the performance of the hospital and needs to reconsider the requirement of an HR department. He needs to understand that the safety and care of a patient is the first and topmost priority of a hospital, which has been endangered due to a lack of a proper HR department in the hospital. Transferring the roles and responsibilities of an HR to the Line Managers is not going to support the hospital sustainable framework for a long period and thus, CEO needs to take an action which aligns with the goals and objectives of the hospital (Colbert Kurucz 2007). The goal of a hospital is to consider the patient care and safety on topmost priority, which requires an effective HR department in place. As of present there is no HR department in the hospital and the roles and responsibilities of an HR are carried out by the middle managers of the hospital. The middle managers are not even aware that these functions are not a part of their domain. They have been overburdened which is affecting employee competence and thus, leading to absenteeism. The overloaded managers are not able to deal with the situation, getting frustrated and then leaving the job causing staff turnover and shortage. The situation has affected the quality of the services of hospital in terms of service delivery, patient care and has led to severe patient accidents. This harms the reputation of the hospital and would affect it in long term. CEO of the hospital needs to understand the significance of an HR department, which can be considered by reviewing the performance of the other leading hospitals which have a sustainable HR framework (Shi, 2007). He needs to understand that current framework is affecting employee competence which is a major issue for an organization. Overburdening of work and employee absenteeism are spoiling employee relations and effective communication in the hospital. There is no criterion for performance management in the hospital. A sustainable HR framework would thus, help the hospital in achieving its long term goals and objectives (Colbert Kurucz 2007). In order to understand the importance of an HR department, the report would discuss the following roles and responsibilities of an HR department (Shi, 2007): Staffing and Placement Employees are the asset of a healthcare organization and an HR ensures that the hospital is staffed with suitable personnel. The responsibility of an HR manager is to source the right candidate for the position in the hospital through different channels. Once the employee has been appointed it is the duty of the HR to guide him through the induction and training program and advises the management on benefits and compensation for the employees (current and potential). The HR ensures that the employee has all the requisite documents including their respective degrees, id proofs and work permit and fulfils the criteria of the hospital (Hernandez, 22 June 2009). Legal Research on Health Care An HR manager is responsible to make sure that the hospital complies with the government rules and regulations in relation to its staff members and employees which may require working with the hospital lawyers as well. Then there are certain medical care laws with which a hospital should be well-versed. Recruitment contracts with the medical practitioners are created and maintained by an HR manager. The legal contracts must be well documented to avoid any disputes from employee contracts and other violations (Hernandez, 22 June 2009). Management of Employees An HR manager controls and monitors the performance of the employees of an organization which ensures effective delivery of services, minimize patient complains and prevent sanctions from the authorities. The HR ensures that employee performance is at par through employee engagement activities, resolving work conflict, grievance handling, benefits and compensation etc. Thus, an HR ensures a positive work environment in an organization (Hernandez, 22 June 2009). Decision-Making The HR department is also involved in planning and decision making processes which may include building strategies to develop a sustainable framework and ensure a better organized health care system. The involvement of HR department in the planning process helps to address employee issues and concerns, which further helps in devising the solution for the concerns raised (Power, 8 February 2012). Training and Development Well trained employees are the assets of a healthcare organization. Regular training and development of the employees is essential in order to update them with the latest trends and practices. Technical staff needs to be equipped with the latest and current technologies, which is handled by an HR manager. The HR manager identifies the need of training in the organization and finds out the best training sources for the employees. The training can include Safety policy, Disaster management, Patient care, Handling critical cases, Health hygiene, Cleanliness and Hygiene, Technical equipments and machine, public dealing such as politeness and courtesy etc. Training, thus, ensures effective service delivery to the patients and maintains the quality of the patient care and safety (Power, 8 February 2012). General Administration Apart from the above function, an HR is also liable for a proper administration in a healthcare organization. General administration may include vendor management, safety and security measures, database management etc. It is the duty of an HR to assign duties and responsibilities to the staff (Power, 8 February 2012). Thus, an HR plays a very crucial role in a hospital and ensures organizational commitment, effective service delivery and patient care. The report would further study the ways to develop a sustainable HR framework in a healthcare organization. There are six components of a sustainable HR framework which are as follows (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, March 1992): HR Management System Leadership Partnership Education Finance Policy HR management systems are responsible for integrated use of data, manpower planning, recruitment and selection and providing support to new employees. The process requires an integrated system that is available to the HR department and ensures that the data available for planning, training and appraising is accurate and on time. Performance appraisal, work productivity, hiring and deployment form the key component of the management system (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, March 1992). Leadership is required to guide and align employees as per the goals and objectives of the organization. It includes planning, budgeting, organizing, mobilizing resources and giving direction to the workforce. In order to ensure effective leadership in an organization, an organization must have HRH champions, effective management system and capacity to lead multi-sector and sector wide collaboration. An organization must have involvement of the stakeholders in the decision making process of the organization (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, March 1992). Partnership is a formal linkage that aligns key stakeholders. It allows optimum utilization of resources. Finance allows receiving, allocating and transferring the required funds for the human resources. There should be levels of salaries and allowances for the employees. Then the process of budgeting and projecting helps to design the salary packages of the employees which includes salary, allowance, education, incentives etc (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, March 1992). Education takes care of a skilled workforce through its training and development programs for the employees. Policy is required to maintain the rules and regulations in a healthcare organization. It acts as a guidance and instruction manual for the employees by setting the work standards for them (Brinkerhoff Goldsmith, March 1992). There are many factors that are linked to building a sustainable framework for an organization. Results-focused planning and practices System-linked alignment Knowledge-based decision-making Learning-oriented perspectives Innovative solutions Comprehensive and integrated approaches Developing a Comprehensive Plan The plan consists of four action phases as follows: Situational Analysis Planning Implementation Monitoring Evaluation There are some preparatory steps to be taken before analyzing a situation: Gaining agreement at the highest level of decision-makers Identifying key stakeholders and members of a leadership group Orienting the local members of the technical working group to the HAF process Purpose Identify the need of a sustainable HR framework in the organization first through inputs from the stakeholders and carefully examining the HR documents and reports. For example, the need here is to manage the current workforce and deliver effective services to the patients (Colbert Kurucz 2007). Objectives Conduct a stakeholder meeting Review existing HR documents, strategies, and reports Gather information Identify root causes Purpose The purpose of this phase is to take the inputs from the previous phase and prioritize the actions agreed to by the leadership groups. Objectives Develop a set of short- and long-term recommendations Calculate the cost to implement the recommendations Review the recommendations with the leadership group Purpose The purpose of this phase is to implement the plan as proposed in the previous phase. This is most critical phase because most of the plans fail in implementation process. Proper implementation requires effective implementation planning and assigning the responsibility to the individuals or teams. It is recommended to write terms of reference and scope of work for these teams and individuals (Colbert Kurucz 2007). Objectives Develop an implementation plan Advocate for funding Clarify roles and responsibilities Establish a budget and mechanisms for distribution of the funding Purpose The purpose of this phase is to monitor the plan that has been implemented to evaluate the ongoing process of each key component as prescribed in the strategic plan. The plan would include process, outputs and outcome indicators. These indicators help to evaluate and monitor the progress on these four phases, monitor the recommendations and measure the impact of the plan that has been implemented (Colbert Kurucz 2007). Objectives Identifying relevant stakeholders to be involved in finalizing indicators for each component of the ME plan Identifying output and outcome indicators and gain agreement from the leadership group on their definitions Identifying the sources of data Clarify the roles and responsibilities of individuals for monitoring the plan Consequences of the Framework Building a sustainable HR department would thus, result in delivering effective services and patient care by establishing the following: Performance Management HR manager would regularly monitor and evaluate the performances of employees through an effective appraisal system, regular coaching and mentoring, assessing his contribution towards the organization and providing relevant feedback. This would motivate employees and boost their performance which would improve the overall performance of the organization (Hernandez, 2009). Employment Relations HR manager would ensure that proper policies are in place that defines the different pay levels, standards and norms for the employees and other rules and regulations that are requisite by the employees and would help to build a trust between an employee and the organization (Hernandez, 2009). Effective Communication Employees need to be continuously informed about the activities of the organization and their role in them. Employees having issues with their job role, pay scale etc. needs to be handled effectively. HR manager would make sure that these grievances are handled effectively and the employees are satisfied. This would again provide employee competence to the organization (Hernandez, 2009). Recommendations From the report it can be evaluated that a sustainable HR framework is essential for a healthcare organization in order to achieve its goals and objectives. Following are the recommendations to the CEO of the hospital in the first case: Understanding the importance of an HR department in a healthcare organization by reviewing the roles and responsibilities of an HR manager. Building a sustainable framework for the hospital by using the four phases and six components of the framework in order to provide effective service delivery and patient care. Conclusion The report has thus, discussed the importance of an HR department in a healthcare organization through its roles and responsibilities which includes staffing and placement, legal research, employee management, training and development, general administration and decision making process. This suggests that in order to build a sustainable framework for an organization one must build a HR department to meet the goals and objectives of the organization. Further, the report has discussed the method of building sustainable HR framework which has six components that are leadership, partnership, education, finance, policy and HR management systems. The four phases further helps to develop a plan layout to build the framework. Thus, the CEO of the hospital must ensure to develop a sustainable framework in the hospital. List of References Power, B. (8 February 2012). Focus HR on Process Improvement. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from: https://hbr.org/2012/02/focus-hr-on-process-improvemen Colbert, B.A. Kurucz E.C. (2007). Three Conceptions of Triple Bottom Line Business Sustainability and the Role for HRM. Pro-Quest, 30(1), 21-29. Hongoro, C Normand, C. Health Workers: Building and Motivating the Workforce. NCBI. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11730/?report=printable Brinkerhoff, D.W. Goldsmith, A.A. (March 1992). Promoting the sustainability of development institutions: A framework for strategy. World Development, 20(3), 369-383. Hahn, T., Pinkse, J., Preuss, L. (March 2015). Tensions in Corporate Sustainability: Towards an Integrative Framework. Journal of Business Ethics. 127(2), 297-316. Townsend, K., Wilkinson, A., Allan, C Bamber, G. (July 2012). Mixed signals in HRM: the HRM role of hospital line managers. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(3), 267-282. Shi, Leiyu. (2007). Managing Human Resources in Health Care Organizations. US: Jones Bartlett Learning. Gilley, J. (1 August 2008). Beyond the Learning Organization Enhancing Your Company's Capabilities Through State-Of-the-art Human Resource Practices. US: Basic Books. Burke, R.J. and Cooper, C.L. (2005). Reinventing Human Resource Management:Challenges and New Directions. UK: Psychology Press. Pynes, J.E. and Lombardi, D.N. (6 December 2011). Human Resources Management for Health Care Organizations:A Strategic Approach. US: John Wiley Sons. Shi, L and Hopkins, J. (30 November 2010). Managing Human Resources in Health Care Organizations. US: Jones Bartlett Publishers. Wolper, L.F. (2004). Health Care Administration:Planning, Implementing, and Managing Organized Delivery Systems. US: Jones Bartlett Learning. Niles, N.J. (27 March 2012). Basic Concepts of Health Care Human Resource Management. US: Jones Bartlett Publishers. Hernandez, S.R. (22 June 2009). Strategic Human Resources Management in Health Services Organizations. US: Cengage Learning. Savage, G.T., Fottler, M.D. and Khatri, N. (27 July 2010). Strategic Human Resource Management in Health Care. UK: Emerald Group Publishing. Fried, B., Fottler, M.D. and Johnson, J.A. (2005). Human Resources in Healthcare:Managing for Success. US: Health Administration Press.